Kaltgewalztes Kohlenstoffstahlblech

Der vollständige Leitfaden für kaltgewalztes Kohlenstoffstahlblech für die Blechbearbeitung.
Glatte Oberfläche

& Enge Toleranzen

Hervorragende Umformbarkeit

& Schweißeignung

Gleichbleibende Qualität

& Leistung

Kaltgewalztes Kohlenstoffstahlblech verstehen: Die Grundlagen

Kaltgewalztes Kohlenstoffstahlblech existiert, weil Hersteller engere Toleranzen und gleichbleibendere Leistung wünschen. Es beginnt typischerweise mit warmgewalztem Coil, das gebeizt wird, um Walzhaut und Oberflächenoxide zu entfernen, dann kaltverfestigt auf die Zielstärke, und schließlich geglüht , um die Duktilität wiederherzustellen und das Material zu stabilisieren.

Im Vergleich zu warmgewalztem Stahl liefert kaltgewalztes Blech eine deutlich glattere Oberfläche, bessere Maßgenauigkeit, gleichmäßigere Dicke und konsistentere mechanische Eigenschaften—was es für anspruchsvolle Prozesse wie Stanzen und Präzisionsbiegen bestens geeignet macht.

Einfach gesagt: warmgewalzter Stahl ist “schruppbearbeitet”, während kaltgewalzter Stahl “präzisionsfertigbearbeitet” ist.” Wenn Aussehen und Genauigkeit wichtig sind, ist kaltgewalzter Stahl in der Regel die bessere Wahl.

Comparison of hot-rolled and cold-rolled carbon steel sheet surface finish and flatness

Hauptmerkmale von kaltgewalztem Kohlenstoffstahlblech

Hervorragende Oberflächenqualität

Kaltgewalztes Kohlenstoffstahlblech hat eine glatte, zunderfreie Oberfläche mit hoher Oberflächengüte (oft spezifiziert bei etwa Ra ≤ 1,6 μm). Es bietet eine solide Basis für die nachgelagerte Veredelung und kann in verschiedenen Oberflächenzuständen wie matt oder glänzend geliefert werden.

Enge Maßgenauigkeit

Kaltgewalztes Blech ist bekannt für gleichmäßige Dicke und präzise Schnittmaße. Die Dickentoleranz kann auf etwa ±0,03 mm gehalten werden (abhängig von der Stärke und der vereinbarten Toleranzklasse), und die Ebenheit ist hoch—oft spezifiziert bei etwa ≤ 3 mm pro Meter für Ebenheitsanforderungen von Blechen.

Starke mechanische Leistung

Im Vergleich zu warmgewalztem Material liefert kaltgewalzter Stahl dank des Kaltverfestigungseffekts in der Regel höhere Streck-/Zugfestigkeit bei gleichzeitig guter Duktilität.
Die typische Dehnung für gängige kaltgewalzte Güten, die in der Umformung verwendet werden, kann ~28% und bis zu ~40%+ betragen, abhängig von Güte und Zustand—was Stanzen, Biegen und Umformen unterstützt.
Es lässt sich zudem gut schweißen und ist mit Standard-Schweißverfahren kompatibel.

Starke Kosteneffizienz

Im Vergleich zu Edelstahl oder Aluminiumlegierungen bietet kaltgewalzter Kohlenstoffstahl typischerweise einen klaren Kostenvorteil und gute Fertigungseignung—was hilft, die gesamten Fertigungskosten unter Kontrolle zu halten. Mit einer breiten Palette an Veredelungsoptionen kann es auch viele Korrosionsschutzanforderungen erfüllen.

Normenrahmen

Kaltgewalztes Kohlenstoffstahlblech wird unter verschiedenen nationalen und regionalen Normen spezifiziert, jede mit ihrem eigenen Gütenbezeichnungssystem. Die wichtigsten Systeme, die im globalen Einkauf am häufigsten verwendet werden, umfassen China (GB/T), Japan (JIS), die Vereinigten Staaten (ASTM), Europa (EN) und alte deutsche DIN-Güten. Obwohl die Gütenbezeichnungen unterschiedlich sind, werden sie oft querverwiesen, um internationale Beschaffung und technische Kommunikation zu unterstützen.

Cold-rolled carbon steel sheet inspection with measuring tools and material quality documents

Internationale Güten-Querverweistabelle

Kaltgewalzte Kohlenstoffstahlgüten werden über Normen hinweg unterschiedlich benannt, aber die Äquivalenzbeziehungen werden weithin als praktische Referenz für globalen Einkauf und technische Diskussionen verwendet.

Anwendungsklasse Japan (JIS G3141) China (GB/T) Europa (EN 10130) Deutschland (DIN 1623) USA (ASTM A1008)
Handelsqualität (CQ) SPCC DC01 / Q195 DC01 St12 CS Typ A/B/C
Ziehqualität (DQ) SPCD DC03 DC03 St13 DS Typ A/B
Tiefziehqualität (DDQ) SPCE DC04 DC04 St14 DDS
Extra-Tiefziehqualität (EDDQ) SPCF DC05 DC05 St15 EDDS
Super-Extra-Tiefziehqualität (SEDDQ) SPCG DC06 DC06 St16 EDDS

Hinweise

  • CQ = Handelsqualität
  • DQ = Ziehqualität
  • DDQ = Tiefziehqualität
  • EDDQ = Extra-Tiefziehqualität

So wählen Sie die richtige Güte für die Blechbearbeitung

Auswahl basierend auf dem Umformprozess

Verfahren Empfohlene Güten Warum sie gut geeignet ist
Einfaches Biegen, Stanzen SPCC / DC01 Kosteneffizient und ausreichend für allgemeine Umformanforderungen.
Mäßiges Biegen, leichtes Ziehen SPCD / DC03 Bessere Duktilität, geringeres Rissrisiko während der Umformung.
Tiefziehen, komplexe Umformung SPCE / DC04 Starke Tiefziehleistung, typischerweise mit höheren r-Werten für die Ziehfähigkeit.
Ultra-Tiefziehen, sehr komplexe Teile SPCG / DC06 Oft verbunden mit interstitial-free (IF) steel practice—best-in-class formability for demanding draws.

Choose based on the end-use application

Anwendung Empfohlene Güten Typical products
Electrical enclosures, chassis SPCC / SECC PC cases, electrical distribution boxes
Automotive outer panels (doors, hoods) SPCE / DC04 / O5-grade Passenger-car exterior panels
Appliance panels SPCD / DC03 Refrigerator door panels, washing machine panels
Oil pans, deep-drawn components SPCE / DC06 Automotive oil pans, filter housings
General structural parts SPCC Brackets, reinforcement plates
High-strength structural parts HSLAS series (grade per spec) Automotive structural parts

Hinweis: If you’re not sure which grade fits your design and forming route, reach out to SR MFG—our engineers can help you choose the most suitable material and specification.

Key Specifications for Kaltgewalztes Kohlenstoffstahlblech

Chemische Zusammensetzung

The chemical makeup of cold-rolled carbon steel sheet has a direct impact on both mechanical properties and formability, so each grade is controlled within specified composition limits.

Typical Chemical Composition Limits (by Grade)

Güte C (%) Mn (%) P (%) S (%) Al (%) Si (%)
SPCC / DC01 ≤0.15 ≤0.60 ≤0.035 ≤0.025 — ≤0.05
SPCD / DC03 ≤0.10 ≤0.50 ≤0.030 ≤0.025 ≥0.015 ≤0.05
SPCE / DC04 ≤0.08 ≤0.45 ≤0.025 ≤0.020 ≥0.015 ≤0.05
SPCF / DC05 ≤0.06 ≤0.45 ≤0.025 ≤0.020 ≥0.020 ≤0.05
SPCG / DC06 ≤0.02 ≤0.25 ≤0.020 ≤0.020 — ≤0.05
CS Type B 0.02–0.15 ≤0.60 ≤0.030 ≤0.035 — —
DS Type B ≤0.06 ≤0.50 ≤0.030 ≤0.035 — —
DDS ≤0.06 ≤0.50 ≤0.020 ≤0.030 — —
EDDS ≤0.04 ≤0.40 ≤0.020 ≤0.025 — —

How composition affects performance (what the elements do)

  • Carbon (C): Lower carbon generally improves ductility and drawability. For example, SPCG (DC06) is often specified with very low carbon (≤0.02%), making it well suited for ultra-deep drawing applications.
  • Manganese (Mn): Helps increase strength and toughness, but excessive Mn can reduce formability.
  • Phosphorus (P) & Sulfur (S): Typically treated as harmful impurities—the lower, the better. Higher levels can increase brittleness (cold brittleness and hot shortness).
  • Aluminum (Al): Commonly used as a deoxidizer to improve steel cleanliness and ductility. It can also help suppress strain aging, reducing the risk of property shifts after forming.

Mechanische Eigenschaften

Typical Mechanical Property Reference (ASTM A1008)

Güte Yield Strength (MPa) Tensile Strength (MPa) Elongation (%) Hinweise
CS Type B (SPCC) 140–275 ≥270 28–40 General-purpose; moderate strength
DS Type B (SPCD) 140–240 ≥270 30–42 Drawing grade; better ductility
DDS (SPCE) 115–200 ≥270 38–42 Deep drawing; higher r-value
EDDS (SPCG) 105–170 ≥270 ≥40 Extra-deep drawing; higher n-value
SS Grade 36 ≥250 360 20–28 Structural use; higher strength
HSLAS Grade 50 ≥345 ≥450 ≥22 High-strength low-alloy steel

ASTM A1008 is a common reference for cold-rolled sheet and includes requirements related to yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation testing.

Elongation by Thickness (SPCC Reference)

Nominal thickness (mm) 0.25–0.30 0.30–0.40 0.40–0.60 0.60–1.0 1.0–1.6 ≥1.6
Elongation (%) 25 28 31 34 36 37

What These Properties Mean

  • Yield strength: The stress at which the material begins permanent (plastic) deformation. In general, lower yield strength forms more easily.
  • Tensile strength: The maximum stress the material can withstand before fracture—an overall indicator of strength.
  • Elongation: How much the material can stretch before breaking. Higher elongation generally means better formability; deep-drawn parts often target ≥40%.
  • r-value (plastic strain ratio / Lankford coefficient): A measure of through-thickness thinning resistance during forming—higher r typically indicates better deep-draw performance.
  • n-value (strain hardening exponent): Indicates how well the material can deform uniformly—higher n generally supports better stretch formability and reduces localized thinning.

Dimensional Specifications

General Size Range

Parameter Range Common sizes Hinweise
Dicke 0.12–3.50 mm 0.5 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 1.2 / 1.5 / 2.0 mm Below 0.3 mm typically requires custom sourcing
Width 400–1850 mm 1000 / 1219 / 1250 / 1500 mm Custom widths available per request
Sheet length 1000–6000 mm 2000 / 2438 / 3000 mm 2438 mm = 8 ft
Coil weight 3–20 tons 5–15 tons Custom coil weights available
Coil ID 508 mm / 610 mm 508 mm Standard inner diameter

Thickness Selection Guidelines

Anwendung Recommended thickness (mm) Why
Appliance housings 0.5–0.8 Lightweight while meeting strength needs
PC chassis / enclosures 0.6–1.0 Good balance of stiffness and cost
Automotive door panels 0.7–0.8 Supports deep draw requirements and surface quality
Automotive oil pans 1.5–2.0 Thicker wall for higher strength
Structural parts 1.5–3.0 Higher stiffness for load-bearing use

Dimensional Tolerances

Thickness Tolerance Standard

Thickness range Standard precision (PL.A) Higher precision (PL.B) Typical use
0.3–0.4 mm ±0.04 mm ±0.03 mm Precision stamped parts
0.4–0.6 mm ±0,05 mm ±0.04 mm Appliance panels
0.6–1.0 mm ±0.06 mm ±0,05 mm General structural parts
1,0–2,0 mm ±0.08 mm ±0.06 mm Thicker-gauge parts
2.0–3.5 mm ±0.10 mm ±0.08 mm Structural sheet

Width Tolerance

Edge condition Width range Permissible deviation Hinweise
Slit edge (EC) <1200 mm 0 to +3 mm Higher precision
Slit edge (EC) 1200–1500 mm 0 to +4 mm Higher precision
Slit edge (EC) >1500 mm 0 to +5 mm Higher precision
Mill edge (EM) 730–1850 mm 0 to +8 mm Standard precision

Length Tolerance (Sheets)

Nominal length L Standard precision (PL.A) Higher precision (PL.B)
≤2000 mm 0 to +6 mm 0 to +3 mm
>2000 mm 0 to +0.003L 0 to +0.0015L

Flatness Requirement

Flatness class Flatness per meter Typical use
Standard (PF.A) ≤5 mm/m General structural parts
Higher precision (PF.B) ≤3 mm/m Appliance housings, automotive parts

Hardness Grades

Cold-rolled carbon steel sheet is commonly supplied in different temper (hardness) conditions depending on the annealing and temper-rolling route.

Temper grade HRB HV Characteristics Typical applications
1/8 Hard (8) 50–71 95–130 Relatively soft; suitable for light forming Simple bent parts
1/4 Hard (4) 65–80 115–150 Medium hardness with decent formability General stamped parts
1/2 Hard (2) 74–89 135–185 Harder with higher strength Structural parts
Hard (1) ≥85 ≥170 High hardness; limited formability High-strength structural parts
Annealed (S) — 85–110 Soft condition; best ductility Tiefgezogene Teile
Full Hard (FH) HRB ≥ 90 HV ≥ 185 Full hard; typically requires re-annealing for forming Used for further rolling / as a substrate (e.g., for coated products)

How to choose a hardness/temper

  • Für Tiefziehen, use the Annealed (S) condition.
  • Für general stamping, 1/4 Hard is often a practical choice.
  • Für structural parts, consider 1/2 Hard oder Hard depending on forming needs.
  • Full Hard material is typically selected as a base for downstream processing (and is generally not intended for forming unless re-annealed).

Surface Quality of Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheets

Surface Finish Classification

Cold-rolled carbon steel sheets are typically classified into three finish levels based on surface quality requirements:

Bezeichnung Finish Level Beschreibung Typische Anwendungen
FB / O3 Commercial Finish Minor surface imperfections are permitted, provided they do not affect formability or coating adhesion. These may include light scratches, roll marks, shallow dents, minor pitting, or slight discoloration. General structural components, internal parts, equipment frames
FC / O4 Drawing Quality Finish Of the two surfaces, the better side must be free of visible defects to the naked eye. The reverse side must at least meet FB requirements. Appliance housings, automotive interior panels, enclosure exteriors
FD / O5 Exposed Quality Finish Of the two surfaces, the better side must be completely free of defects that could affect the appearance after painting or electroplating. The reverse side must at least meet FB requirements. Automotive exterior panels (doors, hoods, trunk lids), high-end appliance panels

Finish Selection Guidelines:

  • O3 (FB): Suitable for structural components, internal equipment parts, or parts that will undergo powder coating or painting in subsequent processes where surface appearance is not critical.
  • O4 (FC): Recommended for parts with moderate appearance requirements, such as appliance casings, automotive interior trim, and visible cabinet surfaces.
  • O5 (FD): Required for automotive exterior panels with high appearance standards. In China, only a limited number of steel mills can consistently produce stable O5-grade material, including Shougang Cold Rolling, HBIS Handan, and Shougang Jingtang.

Surface Condition

Code Surface Type Roll Treatment Erscheinungsbild Typische Anwendungen
D Mattes Finish Shot-blasted rolls Uniform, fine-textured matte surface Appliance panels, automotive outer panels
B Bright Finish Ground and polished rolls Smooth, bright surface with high reflectivity Precision components, electroplating substrates
— Standard Finish Standard rolls Conventional mill finish General-purpose applications

Recommended Surface Combinations (for reference; final selection should be based on actual application requirements):

  • Appliance exterior parts: D surface + FC/FD grade
  • Automotive outer panels: D surface + FD grade
  • General structural parts: Standard surface + FB grade
  • Electroplating substrate: B surface + FC grade

Oberflächenrauheit

Surface roughness is a critical parameter in evaluating sheet metal surface quality, as it directly affects subsequent surface treatment performance.

Anwendung Recommended Ra Inspektionsmethode
Cold-rolled substrate ≤ 1.6 μm Surface roughness tester
Deep drawing grade (DC04 and above) ≤ 0.8 μm Surface roughness tester
O5 automotive panels ≤ 0.6 μm Surface roughness tester
Laser-cut edge ≤ 12.5 μm Surface roughness tester
Bent surface ≤ 6.3 μm Surface roughness tester

Impact of Improper Surface Roughness on Subsequent Processing

  • Excessive roughness: May cause orange peel or sagging during powder coating and can reduce plating adhesion.
  • Insufficient roughness: Can lead to poor coating adhesion and potential peeling.
  • Rough laser-cut edges: May negatively affect appearance and create localized stress concentrations.

Surface Defect Control

Cold-rolled carbon steel sheet showing minor scratches, indentations and light surface imperfections

Permissible Surface Defects (FB Grade)

Minor scratches: Depth ≤ 0.02 mm, not concentrated
Minor indentations: Diameter ≤ 2 mm, randomly dispersed
Light pitting: Not dense, no impact on visual appearance
Minor roll marks: Width ≤ 1 mm, non-continuous
Slight oxidation discoloration: Light and removable

Cold-rolled carbon steel sheet showing deep scratches, dents, edge burrs and rust defects

Non-Permissible Surface Defects

Cracks: Not permitted at any length
Deep scratches: Depth > 0.02 mm
Severe dents: Depth > 0.1 mm
Edge burrs: Height > 0.1 mm
Rust spots or scale: Not permitted under any circumstances

Cold-rolled carbon steel sheet inspected under angled lighting for scratches and surface defects

Surface Defect Inspection Methods

Visual inspection: 100% appearance check
Tactile inspection: Manual check to detect scratches and indentations
Angled lighting inspection: Observation under 45° lighting to reveal surface defects

Compatibility with Blechfertigung Prozesse

Forming Processes

Cold-rolled carbon steel offers excellent formability, making it suitable for components with varying levels of geometric complexity.

Biegen

Biegen is one of the most widely used sheet metal operations, and cold-rolled steel performs reliably in press brake forming.

Parameter Recommended Value Hinweise
Minimum bend radius ≥ 1.0t (t = sheet thickness) Too small a radius can cause cracking.
Minimum flange length ≥ 1.5t + bend radius If the flange is too short, clamping becomes difficult and bending may fail.
Springback compensation 1–3° Adjust based on material grade and bend angle.
V-die opening (V-width) 6–10 × sheet thickness Select die size based on sheet thickness.

Stanzen

Cold-rolled steel sheet is one of the most suitable materials for Stanzen. Select the appropriate grade based on product complexity, then apply the required stamping operations.

Stamping Type Recommended Grade Key Parameters
Simple blanking SPCC / DC01 Blanking clearance: 0.05–0.08t
General forming SPCD / DC03 Draw ratio ≥ 0.7
Deep drawing SPCE / DC04 Draw ratio ≥ 0.6
Extra-deep drawing SPCG / DC06 Draw ratio ≥ 0.55

Schweißverfahren

Cold-rolled carbon steel sheet offers good weldability and supports a variety of welding methods, as shown below.

Schweißverfahren Suitability Weld Quality Typische Anwendungen
GTAW (TIG) Very good Clean, attractive welds; minimal distortion Precision parts, appearance-critical parts
CO₂ shielded welding Gute High efficiency, low cost Structural parts, mass production
Punktschweißen Gute Ideal for lap joints on thin sheet Automotive bodies, home appliances
Laserstrahlschweißen Ausgezeichnet High precision, small heat-affected zone Precision components
MIG welding Very good High welding speed Medium-thickness sheet

Common Welding Issues and Fixes

Issue Cause Solution
Porosity Insufficient shielding gas flow; oil/contamination on surface Increase shielding gas flow; clean the joint area
Undercut Current too high; travel speed too fast Reduce current; slow down travel speed
Hot cracking Carbon content too high; cooling too fast Use low-carbon steel; control the cooling rate
Excessive distortion Poor weld sequence; too much heat input Optimize weld sequence; use skip/segment welding

Surface Finishing Processes

Cold-rolled carbon steel sheet does have a downside: its corrosion resistance isn’t very strong. In most cases, a surface treatment is needed to extend service life.

Phosphate Coating

Parameter Anforderung
Beschichtungsdicke 2–5 μm
Erscheinungsbild Uniform gray film
Haftung Cross-hatch test: Class 1
Korrosionsbeständigkeit Neutral salt spray ≥ 24 hours

Electrostatic Powder Coating

Parameter Anforderung
Beschichtungsdicke 60–120 μm
Erscheinungsbild No runs/sags, no pinholes, no orange peel
Härte HV ≥ 400
Korrosionsbeständigkeit Neutral salt spray ≥ 72 hours
Haftung Cross-hatch test: Class 1

E-Coating (Electrophoretic Deposition)

Parameter Anforderung
Beschichtungsdicke 15–30 μm
Erscheinungsbild Uniform and smooth
Härte Better than powder coating
Korrosionsbeständigkeit Neutral salt spray ≥ 240 hours

Electro-Galvanizing

Parameter Anforderung
Beschichtungsdicke 5–10 μm
Erscheinungsbild Uniform silver-gray finish
Korrosionsbeständigkeit Neutral salt spray ≥ 48 hours
Elektrische Leitfähigkeit Ausgezeichnet

Hot-Dip Galvanizing (SGCC)

Parameter Anforderung
Beschichtungsdicke 8–15 μm
Erscheinungsbild Spangle pattern or bright silver finish
Korrosionsbeständigkeit Neutral salt spray ≥ 96 hours

Quick Guide for Choosing a Surface Finish

Industry Application Examples for Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet

Home Appliance Industry

Produkt Recommended Material Dickenbereich Oberflächenbehandlung Key Requirements
Refrigerator door panel SPCC / DC03 0.5–0.6 mm Powder coating / pre-painted High surface quality; good flatness
Refrigerator side panel SECC / SGCC 0.5–0.8 mm Pulverbeschichtung Strong corrosion resistance
Washing machine inner tub SPCD / SECC 0.8–1.2 mm Galvanizing + plastic coating Good deep-draw performance
Washing machine cabinet SPCC / SGCC 0.8–1.0 mm Pulverbeschichtung Good appearance
Air conditioner housing SPCC / SGCC 0.8–1.5 mm Pulverbeschichtung Corrosion protection + appearance
Microwave oven housing SECC 0.6–0.8 mm Powder coating / as-is Korrosionsbeständigkeit
PC chassis SECC 0.6–1.0 mm Powder coating / as-is EMI shielding
TV back panel SPCC 0.5–0.8 mm Pulverbeschichtung Low cost

Automobilindustrie

Component Recommended Material Dicke Oberflächenqualität Key Performance Requirements
Inner door panel DC03 / DC04 0.7–1.0 mm FB/FC Deep drawability
Outer door panel DC04 / O5 grade 0.7–0.8 mm FD High surface quality
Hood DC04 / O5 grade 0.8–1.0 mm FD Appearance + dent resistance
Decklid (trunk lid) DC06 0.7–0.9 mm FD Extra-deep drawability
Roof panel DC04 / O5 grade 0.7–0.8 mm FD Flatness over large areas
Outer side panel DC04 / O5 grade 0.7–0.9 mm FD Large-radius / complex curvature forming
Floor pan High-strength steel 1,2–2,0 mm FB High strength
Oil pan DC06 1.5–2.0 mm FB Extra-deep drawability + leak resistance
Seat frame High-strength steel 1.5–3.0 mm FB Strength + safety

Telecom Equipment Industry

Produkt Recommended Material Dicke Oberflächenbehandlung Key Requirements
Server cabinet SPCC / SGCC 1.5–2.5 mm Pulverbeschichtung Strength + corrosion resistance
Power distribution cabinet SGCC 1,2–2,0 mm Pulverbeschichtung Corrosion resistance + safety
Network cabinet SPCC / SGCC 1,0–2,0 mm Pulverbeschichtung Strength + appearance
Battery cabinet SGCC 1.5–2.5 mm Heavy-duty powder coating High corrosion resistance
Outdoor base station SGCC 2.0–3.0 mm Heavy-duty powder coating Weather resistance
Equipment frame SPCC 1.0–1.5 mm Phosphate + powder coating Strength + cost

Building and Architectural Applications

Produkt Recommended Material Dicke Oberflächenbehandlung Key Requirements
Metal ceiling panels SPCC 0.5–0.8 mm Powder coating / pre-painted Flatness + appearance
Curtain wall panels SPCC / SGCC 1.0–2.5 mm Powder coating / fluorocarbon coating Weather resistance
Metal partitions SPCC 0.8–1.2 mm Pulverbeschichtung Appearance + strength
Railings and handrails SPCC / SGCC 1.5–2.5 mm Powder coating / galvanizing Safety + corrosion resistance

Hardware and Metal Products

Produkt Recommended Material Dicke Oberflächenbehandlung Key Requirements
Toolbox SPCC / SECC 0.8–1.5 mm Powder coating / electro-galvanizing Flatness + appearance
Metal enclosure/case SECC / SGCC 0.8–1.2 mm Electro-galvanizing Weather resistance
Filing cabinet SECC 0.6–1.0 mm Pulverbeschichtung Appearance + strength
Shelving SPCC / SGCC 1,0–2,0 mm Pulverbeschichtung Safety + corrosion resistance
Hardware parts SPCC 0.5–1.5 mm Electro-galvanizing Precision + corrosion resistance

Cost Breakdown for Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet

Steel coils and sheet stock representing raw material costs for cold-rolled carbon steel production

Material Costs

  • 1

    Raw materials: 60–70% of total cost

  • 2

    Pricing is heavily affected by fluctuations in steel billet und warmgewalztem Coil prices

  • 3

    Typical grade pricing trend: SPCC < SPCD < SPCE

Cold-rolled steel strip passing through industrial rolling equipment during sheet processing

Processing Costs

  • 1

    Cold rolling: 10–15%

  • 2

    Annealing, temper rolling (skin-pass), and oiling: 5–10%

  • 3

    Cut-to-length and slitting: 3–5%

Packaged cold-rolled carbon steel sheets secured on pallets for storage and transportation

Packaging and Transportation

  • 1

    Packaging: 2–3%

  • 2

    Domestic transportation: 1–2%

  • 3

    Ocean freight: Not included in FOB pricing; included in CIF pricing

Modern steel processing factory showing production equipment, storage and manufacturing operations

Overhead and Profit

  • 1

    Administrative overhead: 3–5%

  • 2

    Financing costs: 2–3%

  • 3

    Profit margin: 5–10%

Key Factors That Affect Pricing

Faktor Impact Level Hinweise
Raw material prices Hoch Driven by swings in iron ore and coke prices
Market supply and demand Mäßig Prices typically rise during peak seasons

Kaltgewalztes Kohlenstoffstahlblech FAQs 

SPCC is a grade defined under the Japanese JIS standard, while DC01 is defined under the European EN standard. Both are general-purpose cold-rolled low-carbon steel sheets with very similar chemistry and mechanical properties. In most real-world applications they can be used interchangeably, but you should confirm which standard system the customer requires.

Choose based on how demanding the forming operation is:

  • SPCC: Simple bending and punching; general structural parts
  • SPCD: Moderate stamping and bending
  • SPCE: Deep-drawn parts, such as oil pans and filter housings

The main differences are:

  • Oberflächenbehandlung: Cold-rolled sheet is smooth and typically free of scale; hot-rolled sheet usually has mill scale.
  • Dimensional accuracy: Cold-rolled sheet has tighter tolerances and higher precision; hot-rolled sheet has looser tolerances.
  • Mechanical properties: Cold-rolled sheet generally has higher strength but slightly lower ductility; hot-rolled sheet is typically more ductile with lower strength.
  • Cost: Cold-rolled sheet is usually 10–20% more expensive than hot-rolled sheet.

Stretcher-strain marks are an “orange-peel”-like surface defect that can show up during stretching or deep drawing, caused by Lüders bands forming on the surface.

  • SPCC: not guaranteed
  • SPCD: guaranteed not to appear within 3 months after production
  • SPCE: guaranteed not to appear within 6 months after production
    For appearance-critical parts, use non-aging steel (SPCE).

Yes. Cold-rolled steel doesn’t contain corrosion-resistant alloying elements, so it can rust easily in humid environments. That’s why surface treatments (phosphating, powder coating, electroplating, etc.) are commonly used to improve corrosion resistance.

Common causes include:

  • Bend radius is too small (should be ≥ 1.0t)
  • Material grade is too low (use SPCD or SPCE)
  • Material defects (cracks, inclusions)
  • Bend line is parallel to the rolling direction (use 45° or 90° to the rolling direction)

Try the following:

  • Use deep-drawing grades such as SPCE/DC06
  • Optimize binder (blank-holder) force—too little force makes wrinkling more likely
  • Check die surface finish/roughness
  • Optimize the draw ratio

Typical controls include:

  • Use a logical weld sequence: weld short seams first, then longer seams
  • Use symmetrical welding to reduce distortion
  • Perform post-weld stress-relief annealing (≤ 200°C)
  • Use fixtures/clamps to hold parts in place

  • Apply a phosphate conversion coating to create a good base layer
  • Thoroughly remove oil, rust, and other contaminants
  • Choose the right coating material and application process
  • Control bake temperature and bake time

Possible causes include:

  • Incorrect cutting parameters (power, speed, focal position)
  • Insufficient assist-gas pressure
  • Dirty optics/lens contamination
  • Dirty material surface

  • FB: Minor scratches, dents, and small pits are allowed
  • FC: The better side has no obvious defects
  • FD: The better side is free of any defects
    Inspect under 45° lighting from a viewing distance of 300–500 mm.

  • Use an ultrasonic thickness gauge or a micrometer
  • Measure at least three points: both ends and the middle
  • Avoid the outer 50 mm near the sheet edges
  • Record the maximum, minimum, and average values

MTC stands for Mill Test Certificate—a mill-issued quality document for each batch. It typically includes:

  • Heat/batch number
  • Güte
  • Chemische Zusammensetzung
  • Mechanische Eigenschaften
  • Dimensions/specifications

  • Review the MTC and confirm grade and heat number
  • Run a chemical composition test (e.g., spectrometry)
  • Perform mechanical testing (tensile, hardness)
  • Use a third-party lab if needed

  • Use a surface roughness tester
  • Measure 3–5 points evenly across the surface
  • Measure along the rolling direction
  • Record the Ra value