Leitfaden zu AA 1060 / AA 1100 Reinaluminium

Im Bereich der industriellen Aluminiumwerkstoffe gibt es viele Optionen, und AA 1060 und AA 1100 sind zwei der gängigsten Sorten von kommerziell reinem Aluminium. Beide gehören zur 1XXX-Serie.

Dieser Artikel bietet einen strukturierten Vergleich der Materialeigenschaften von AA 1060 und AA 1100 sowie praktische Auswahlhilfen, damit Sie die richtige Entscheidung für Ihr Projekt treffen können.

Ausgezeichnet
Umformbarkeit
Hohe elektrische &
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
Ausgezeichnet
Korrosionsbeständigkeit

AA 1060 / AA 1100 Reinaluminium: Grundlagen

Sowohl AA 1060 als auch AA 1100 gehören zur international anerkannten 1XXX-Serie der Aluminiumlegierungen und werden im Bezeichnungssystem der Aluminum Association (AA) als kommerziell reines Aluminium eingestuft. Das bestimmende Merkmal der 1XXX-Serie ist ihr sehr hoher Aluminiumgehalt, typischerweise über 99%, mit nur minimalen Legierungszusätzen.

AA 1060 enthält mindestens 99,6% Aluminium, was es zu einer der Sorten mit höherer Reinheit in der 1XXX-Serie macht. Es enthält nahezu keine absichtlich zugesetzten Legierungselemente, nur Spuren von Verunreinigungen wie Eisen, Silizium und Kupfer, wobei die Gesamtverunreinigungen streng auf 0,4% begrenzt sind. Diese außergewöhnlich hohe Reinheit verleiht ihm eine hervorragende elektrische Leitfähigkeit und Korrosionsbeständigkeit, weshalb es häufig in Anwendungen zur elektrischen Übertragung eingesetzt wird.

AA 1100 enthält mindestens 99,0% Aluminium. Es ist ebenfalls eine Reinaluminium-Sorte, enthält jedoch im Vergleich zu AA 1060 einen etwas höheren Kupfergehalt, typischerweise etwa 0.05%–0.20%. Dadurch behält es die typischen Eigenschaften von hochreinem Aluminium bei und bietet gleichzeitig ein besseres Kaltverfestigungsverhalten.

AA 1060 and AA 1100 aluminum sheets and fabricated parts used in sheet metal fabrication

Was sind die wichtigsten Unterschiede zwischen AA 1060 und AA 1100?

Aluminiumreinheit und Verunreinigungskontrolle

Der Unterschied im Aluminiumgehalt zwischen 1060 und 1100 beträgt etwa 0,6%. Auf den ersten Blick mag das nicht signifikant erscheinen, doch es hat eine spürbare Auswirkung auf die Materialleistung. AA 1060 hat eine strengere Kontrolle über Verunreinigungselemente wie Silizium und Eisen, wobei Eisen insbesondere typischerweise auf 0,35% oder weniger begrenzt ist. Diese sauberere Zusammensetzung verhilft 1060 zu stärkerer Leistung bei elektrischer Leitfähigkeit, Korrosionsbeständigkeit und Oberflächenqualität.

Elektrische und thermische Leitfähigkeit

Aufgrund seines höheren Aluminiumgehalts schneidet AA 1060 sowohl bei der elektrischen als auch bei der thermischen Leitfähigkeit besser ab. Seine elektrische Leitfähigkeit kann 61% IACS, erreichen, typischerweise etwa 3 bis 5 Prozentpunkte höher als bei AA 1100. Auch seine Wärmeleitfähigkeit ist höher. In elektrischen Anwendungen kann sich dieser Unterschied in einer bedeutenden Verbesserung der Energieeffizienz niederschlagen.

Mechanische Eigenschaften und Kaltverfestigung

Obwohl AA 1100 einen niedrigeren Aluminiumgehalt hat, erhöht sein höherer Kupfergehalt die Kaltverfestigungsrate. Das bedeutet, dass AA 1100 bei gleichem Kaltverformungsgrad eine höhere Festigkeit als AA 1060 erreichen kann.

Umformverhalten

Bei Umformanwendungen zeigt AA 1100 im Allgemeinen eine bessere Duktilität. Im O-Zustand (geglühter Zustand) kann seine Dehnung 38%, erreichen, was höher ist als bei 1060. Dadurch eignet sich 1100 besser für komplexe Umformprozesse wie Tiefziehen und Drücken.

Eloxiertes Erscheinungsbild

Sowohl 1060 als auch 1100 können eloxiert werden, aber das visuelle Ergebnis ist nicht dasselbe. Da 1100 eine bestimmte Menge Kupfer enthält, kann seine eloxierte Oberfläche einen leichten graugrünen Farbton aufweisen, während 1060 dazu neigt, das typischere silbergraue Aussehen von Reinaluminium beizubehalten. Je nach Anwendung kann dies auch ein nützlicher Faktor bei der Materialauswahl sein.

Zusammenfassung der Kernunterschiede zwischen AA 1060 und AA 1100

Vergleichsfaktor AA 1060 AA 1100 Vorteil
Aluminiumreinheit 99.6%+ 99.0%+ 1060
Elektrische Leitfähigkeit 60–62% IACS 58–59% IACS 1060
Wärmeleitfähigkeit 230–237 W/(m·K) 218–222 W/(m·K) 1060
Korrosionsbeständigkeit Ausgezeichnet Ausgezeichnet Gleich
Festigkeit (H-Zustand) Slightly lower Slightly higher 1100
Umformbarkeit Gute Ausgezeichnet 1100
Deep drawing / complex forming Gute Better 1100
Schweißbarkeit Ausgezeichnet Ausgezeichnet Gleich
Material cost Similar Similar —
Anodized appearance Silver-gray Gray-green Depends on application

Basic Data and Grade Identification for AA 1060 and AA 1100

Before comparing these two materials, it is important to understand their standards and basic properties so that misunderstandings do not arise during project communication.

Incoming inspection of AA 1060 and AA 1100 aluminum sheets with measuring tools and material certification documents
Position AA 1060 AA 1100 Hinweise
Series 1xxx commercially pure aluminum 1xxx commercially pure aluminum Both belong to the pure aluminum family
Minimum aluminum content 99.60% 99.00% 1060 is the higher-purity grade
Key compositional feature Tighter impurity control Contains a small amount of Cu 1100 is a distinct grade, not a “lower-spec” version of 1060
Common designations AA1060 / Al99.6 / A91060 AA1100 / Al99.0Cu / A91100 Designations may vary by document, so always verify the standard and composition first
Heat-treatable strengthening Nein Nein Properties are mainly adjusted through cold-work temper
Gängige Lieferformen Commonly supplied as sheet, coil, and strip Commonly supplied as sheet, coil, and strip Exact forms still depend on the applicable product standard

Chemical Composition Comparison: AA 1060 vs. AA 1100

Element AA 1060 (wt%) AA 1100 (wt%)
Aluminium (Al) ≥99.60% ≥99.00%
Silizium (Si) ≤0.25% ≤0.95% (Si+Fe)
Eisen (Fe) ≤0.35% ≤0.95% (Si+Fe)
Kupfer (Cu) ≤0,05% 0.05%–0.20%
Manganese (Mn) ≤0.03% ≤0,05%
Magnesium (Mg) ≤0.03% ≤0,05%
Zink (Zn) ≤0,05% ≤0.10%
Titan (Ti) ≤0.03% ≤0.03%
Other impurities ≤0.15% ≤0.15%

Physical and Mechanical Property Comparison: AA 1060 vs. AA 1100

Eigenschaft AA 1060 AA 1100
Dichte 2,70 g/cm³ 2.71 g/cm³
Schmelzpunkt 647–658°C 640–655°C
Elektrische Leitfähigkeit 60–62% IACS 58–59% IACS
Wärmeleitfähigkeit 230–237 W/(m·K) 218–222 W/(m·K)
Tensile strength (O temper) 60–95 MPa 70–95 MPa
Yield strength (O temper) 15–35 MPa 25–35 MPa
Elongation (O temper) 25–40% 30–38%
Brinell hardness (O temper) 20–30 HB 22 HB

Data source: Based on ASTM B209, EN 573, and multiple supplier technical datasheets. These are typical reference values only. Actual properties may vary depending on production process and supply condition.

Temper, Product Forms, and How to Interpret Performance

Commercially pure aluminum is not heat-treatable for strengthening. Its properties are mainly adjusted through cold work hardening and annealing. Temper designations are the professional terms used to describe the material’s current level of work hardening.

  • O temper (annealed): Fully annealed, with the softest condition and the best ductility. Suitable for complex forming operations.
  • H12 temper (quarter-hard): Lightly cold worked. Strength is about 25% higher than in the O temper, while still maintaining good formability.
  • H14 temper (half-hard): More heavily cold worked, with strength about 1.5 times that of the O temper. Suitable for parts requiring moderate strength.
  • H18 temper (full-hard): Maximum cold-worked condition, offering the highest strength but much lower ductility. Not suitable for complex forming.
  • H22 / H24 / H26 tempers: Lightly annealed after cold working, providing a balance between strength and ductility.
  • H112 temper: Supplied directly after hot rolling or hot extrusion. Strength and formability fall between O temper and H12 temper.

  • For deep drawing or complex bending, choose O temper or H12 temper to prioritize ductility.
  • If the product needs a certain level of rigidity, H14 temper can provide a good balance between strength and workability.
  • If only simple forming or cutting is required, H18 temper can provide higher strength, but care is needed to avoid cracking during bending.
  • For direct use of hot-rolled plate, H112 temper may be a practical ready-to-use option that avoids additional softening treatment.

Typical Mechanical Properties by Temper

Härtezustand Tensile Strength (MPa) Yield Strength (MPa) Elongation (%) Typische Anwendungen
O 60–95 15–35 25–40 Deep drawing, spinning, complex bending
H12 75–110 50–70 10–15 General forming, light load-bearing applications
H14 85–120 65–95 8–12 Medium-strength parts, simple forming
H18 125–150 100–130 4–8 High-strength sheet, simple shapes

Note: If you are not sure which temper to choose, it is best to consult your supplier. They can usually recommend the most suitable specification based on your application.

Gängige Produktformen

  • Sheet / thin sheet: Thickness ranges from 0.1 mm to several millimeters, with standard sizes such as 1220 × 2440 mm and 1500 × 3000 mm.
  • Coil / strip: Continuous coil form, suitable for high-volume stamping operations.
  • Circles / discs: Commonly used for lighting reflectors, cookware, and similar products.
  • Tube / bar: Available in a variety of forms, including round tube, square tube, and round bar.
  • Tread plate: Surface embossed with anti-slip patterns, commonly used for steps, platforms, and flooring.

Processing Suitability of AA 1060 / AA 1100

From our perspective at SR MFG, 1060 and 1100 are widely used in sheet metal fabrication not because they are universal materials, but because they already offer a strong foundation for processing.

AA 1060 and AA 1100 aluminum parts showing stamping and deep drawing applications

Stamping and deep drawing

In the O temper, both 1060 and 1100 can achieve good deep-drawing performance. Because 1100 offers higher ductility, it tends to perform more consistently in parts with greater draw depth or more complex shapes. 1060 is better suited to medium-depth stamped parts and applications where material purity is a more important consideration.

AA 1060 and AA 1100 aluminum sheet parts showing bending and flanging performance

Bending and flanging

Annealed aluminum has excellent bending performance, and the minimum bend radius can be as low as 0.5 to 1 times the material thickness. As hardness increases, such as in H14 or H18 tempers, the bend radius should be increased accordingly to avoid surface cracking.

AA 1060 and AA 1100 aluminum parts formed by metal spinning in sheet metal fabrication

Spinning

This is one of the strengths of pure aluminum. Whether the part is a lampshade, a container, or a specially shaped component, both materials can perform well. However, 1100 generally offers a higher success rate when spinning more complex shapes.

AA 1060 and AA 1100 aluminum parts showing anodized surface finishes

Eloxieren

Both materials are well suited to anodizing and can develop an attractive, corrosion-resistant oxide film. After anodizing, 1060 typically shows a silver-gray appearance, while 1100 may develop a slight gray-green tint. For decorative parts that require dyeing, it is advisable to work with a specialized anodizing service provider to achieve more uniform color results.

AA 1060 and AA 1100 aluminum sheet metal parts prepared for powder coating and painting

Powder coating and painting

Pure aluminum performs well with both powder coating and liquid coating systems. Before coating, appropriate surface pretreatment—such as chemical conversion treatment—is usually recommended to improve coating adhesion.

How to Choose Between AA 1060 and AA 1100 in Common Applications

If your project places greater emphasis on functional requirements such as high purity, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, or reflectivity, then AA 1060 is often one of the better choices.

If you need broader general-purpose usability and more mature commercial availability, then AA 1100 is well worth considering.

The table below is designed to help with practical material selection:

Application Area Recommended Grade Recommended Temper Reason for Selection
Electrical busbars / conductors 1060 O / H12 Highest electrical conductivity and lower resistive loss
Heat sinks / heat exchangers 1060 O / H12 Excellent thermal conductivity
Capacitors / electronic components 1060 O Higher material purity
Curtain walls / decorative panels 1100 H14 / H24 Good formability with moderate strength
Signage / nameplates 1100 H14 / H18 Easy to process and strong enough for the application
Lighting reflectors 1100 O / H12 Good spinning performance
Deep-drawn parts / cookware 1100 O Best ductility
Aluminum foil / packaging materials 1060 O High purity and easier compliance with safety requirements
Chemical containers / piping 1060 / 1100 H112 / O Gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit

What Should Be Confirmed When Purchasing AA 1060 / AA 1100?

Once you have selected AA 1060 or AA 1100 for your project and are ready to purchase, the following details should be clearly defined.

Procurement Specification Checklist

Item to Confirm Example Wichtigkeit
Alloy grade AA 1060 ★★★
Härtezustand O / H14 ★★★
Dicke 2,0 mm ★★★
Width 1000 mm ★★★
Length 2000 mm (except for coil) ★★★
Tolerance requirement ±0,05 mm ★★
Product form Sheet / coil / circle ★★★
Oberflächenzustand Mill finish / bright finish ★★
Anwendbare Norm ASTM B209 ★★
Certification requirement MTR / SGS report ★
Packaging method Wooden pallet / simple packaging ★
Menge 500 kg ★★★
Durchlaufzeit Within 15 days ★★★

AA 1060 / AA 1100 Material Selection Advice: When to Choose Pure Aluminum, and When Not To

By this point, you likely already have a general understanding of 1060 and 1100. Even after reading all the earlier sections, it is completely normal to still feel unsure about when pure aluminum is the right choice and when another aluminum alloy would be more suitable. To make that easier, we have provided a simplified selection guide below for reference. If you still have questions, the engineers at SR MFG can help you evaluate your project in more detail.

Simplified Material Selection Logic

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FAQs​

In many cases, yes, but there will still be differences in performance and cost. 1060 offers better electrical and thermal conductivity, while 1100 has stronger work-hardening behavior. If the project has strict electrical performance requirements, 1060 is usually the better choice. If better formability is needed, 1100 may be more suitable. Process validation is recommended before making a substitution.

No. Pure aluminum in the 1xxx series is not heat-treatable for strengthening. Its strength can only be increased through cold work hardening. If you need higher strength through heat treatment, you should consider a 6xxx series alloy such as 6061, or a 7xxx series alloy such as 7075.

Both materials form a protective oxide film after anodizing. 1060 typically develops a silver-gray appearance with a cleaner surface tone, while 1100 may show a slight gray-green tint because of its trace copper content. If dyeing is required, 1060 usually provides better color uniformity.

Yes. Pure aluminum generally performs well outdoors. Its surface naturally forms a dense aluminum oxide film, which provides good resistance to atmospheric corrosion. In typical urban or industrial atmospheres, both materials can usually be used for long periods without additional corrosion protection.

They cannot be reliably distinguished by appearance alone. The only dependable method is to ask the supplier for a Materialzertifikat such as an MTR or Mill Test Report, which will clearly show the chemical composition and mechanical properties. The certificate will list the actual content of each element. For example, if the copper content is above 0.05%, the material is likely 1100.